THE MECHANISM OF APOPTOSIS AS GENETICALLY PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH

Abstract

Cell death is a critical component of organismal development and the maintenance of homeostasis. The scientific study of regulated cell death began in 1842, but research in this field only began to rapidly expand after Kerr J., Wyllie A., and Currie A. coined the term "apoptosis" in 1972.

The main mechanisms of cell death are programmed cell death (apoptosis) and necrosis. Apoptosis and its impairment underlie various pathological and physiological processes, including cellular homeostasis, tissue remodeling, and oncogenesis. In this article, we examine the mechanism of apoptosis and its signaling pathways that underlie cell death.